Canada deals with unique maritime challenge

The appearance of the small foreign freighter loaded with over 490 Tamil refugees off the shores of the U.S. and Canadian border in the Pacific Northwest posed a fairly significant challenge to the Canadian Maritime Forces this week.  It became a particular challenge for Canada vice the U.S. because the vessel was requesting asylum in Canada where over 300,000 Tamils have made their new home.  Nonetheless, I hope U.S. counterparts were watching very closely.

There are a couple of unique points about this event worth noting:

• The ship was detected by Canadian Forces  at an offshore distance, prior to making landfall indicating intelligence and maritime domain awareness seemed to have done its job.
• The vessel was broadcasting an AIS signal for some period of time before it appeared to have been turned off as it was brought into the Strait of Juan de Fuca.
• This reveals a new challenge to a maritime locale that has not previously dealt with mass arrivals of refugees, similar to that found in Caribbean waters.  This is reportedly the second ship to arrive in the Vancouver area with Tamil refugees.  A ship carrying 76 Tamil refugees was intercepted last October.
• The event actually received very little press coverage in the U.S. media.

Publicly available plot of the vessel "Sun Sea" previously named "HARIN PANICH 19" as it entered Canadian waters on Thursday.

News video discussing Canada’s tracking of the M/V Sun Sea:

News video about the arrival of the M/V Sun Sea at Esquimalt, BC.

Without getting too much into the argument concerning the ultimate resolution of the refugees, it appears Canada handled this event well.  The key factor to success in this event was time.  Since the ship was detected early, the Canadian government had time to organize a response before the ship reached the shore with its passengers.  Both the Canadians and the U.S. are lucky in this outcome.  The shorelines of both countries coasts in this region are for the most part rugged and remote.  An undetected ship arriving in a more remote locale could have ended in disaster, both for the persons on board the ship, the environment, and the national security of each respective country.  There is room for a collective sigh of relief now.

M/V Sun Sea escorted into Esquimalt, BC on Vancouver Island. (Jonathan Hayward/Canadian Press)

The M/V Sun Sea as it docked in Esquimalt, BC on Vancouver Island.

More on the event from Reuters:

VANCOUVER, Aug 13 (Reuters) – Canadian authorities unloaded a cramped cargo ship on Friday of nearly 500 Tamil asylum seekers from Sri Lanka whose arrival has sparked a national debate over the country’s immigration and refugee laws.

The sun was just rising on Pacific Coast when MV Sun Sea sailed under escort into a Canadian Navy base near Victoria, British Columbia, on Vancouver Island, and docked next to a makeshift camp set up to process the men, women and children on board.

Officials said the ship was in good condition, but they would not describe the accommodations of the estimated 490 people who may have spent more than two months housed in the cargo hold of the 59-metre-long (194-foot-long) vessel.

Several people were taken to a Victoria hospital to be checked out, but officials were not aware of any major medical problems. The crew was “compliant” when navy personnel boarded the ship on Thursday, the military said.

Public Safety Minister Vic Toews warned that Canada will be taking a tough line with the Thai-owned ship, which he said was believed to be carrying terrorists and may be part of a larger, international human smuggling operation.

“Canada has very generous refugee laws, and my concern is that individuals not take advantage of the existing laws in order to further criminal or terrorist activities,” Toews told a news conference.

The people on the Sun Sea are believed to be Tamils fleeing Sri Lanka, but Canada fears some are members of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, which fought a bloody independence war that was crushed last year.

The military wing of the Tamil independence movement is considered a terrorist organization by Ottawa, which would make it illegal for members or supporters of the Tamil Tigers to immigrate to Canada.

RENEWED DEBATE

The Sun Sea is the second ship carrying Tamil migrants to arrive in Canada in less than a year, and officials fear more are on the way. A cargo ship carrying 76 Tamil refugee claimants docked on the West Coast last October, but arrivals of boat people are a relatively rare occurrence.

At least four boats arrived on Canada’s Pacific Coast in the late 1990s carrying Chinese migrants, who experts familiar with the incident believe were actually being smuggled though Canada to the United States.

Canada received 34,000 refugee applications last year, with most made by people after arriving by air or by driving in from the United States.

An estimated 250,000 people of Tamil decent live in Canada, primarily in the Toronto area. It is said to be the largest Tamil population outside Sri Lanka and India.

The arguments in Canada over immigration have never reached the fevered pitch heard in the United States, but the Sun Sea incident has set off a front-page debate in the media over whether its rules are too lax.

Opposition parties and some refugee experts warned the government not to jump to conclusions about who the migrants are, and said each person’s case should be judged individually.

“Obviously, in the aftermath of the war in Sri Lanka, a great deal hardship was experienced and there are a lot of people who want to get out of Sri Lanka,” Bob Rae, the Liberal Party’s foreign affairs critic told CBC.

The government is looking at toughening immigration laws so that boat people are treated differently from other refugee-seekers, the Globe and Mail newspaper reported.

“We can improve the laws to reduce the likelihood of something occurring, and that is essentially what we are doing,” Toews said.

Canadian law now prevents its warships from boarding vessels on the high seas that are thought to be smuggling people to Canada, although they do conduct boardings as part of anti-piracy efforts off Somalia.